Researchers report the results obtained from the use of a new PRS calculator called CT-SLEB on a multi-national GWAS database.
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDOct 2 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. New methods of analysis and novel markers are currently being identified to predict conditions with polygenic inheritance. These include polygenic risk scores , which are based on the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in several genes. However, their utility is limited, as PRS are largely based on data derived from European populations.
Genome-wide association studies have been used to identify large numbers of SNPs that are linked to complex traits and diseases. PRS uses combinations of SNPs to provide a predicted risk for the occurrence of complex traits and disease conditions. About the study The current study reports on the performance of CT-SLEB, a powerful computational tool based on clumping and thresholding , superlearning , and empirical Bayes methods, as compared with nine other methods. While CT selects which SNPs should be considered when calculating PRS in the target population, EB is a method used to estimate the SNP coefficient. SL uses a mix of PRSs from various SNP selection criteria.
In addition to providing comparative data on CT-SLEB and other approaches, the scientists also generated validated PRS for 13 complex traits using this multi-ancestry PRS tool. The predictive performance of PRS for minority groups generated by CT-SLEB was comparable to that for the European population if the former had sample sizes at least 45% as large as European cohorts. However, the sample size required for accurate prediction varies dramatically with the heritability of various traits.
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