A self-powered ingestible sensor opens new avenues for gut research ucsandiego NatureComms
), sodium chloride, , magnesium chloride , ammonium chloride , uric acid, hydrochloric acid, d --glucose, sodium cholate, calcium chloride, mucin, sodium hydroxide , lactic acid, ascorbic acid, poly , mucin, bovine serum albumin , cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich . Carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes were purchased from Cheap Tubes Inc. Nickel foam was purchased from Amazon . Polyurethane was obtained from Lubrizol.
Enzymatic modification: the anode was modified by immersing the electrode into TTF-TCNQ , PVDF - MC containing solution , for 15 s and left to dry at 60 °C. The cathode was modified following the same steps but using ABTS , PVDF - MC containing solution. After the drying process, the color of the anode and cathode changed from black to dark yellow and blue, respectively. The excess of mediator was removed by running repetitive cyclic voltammetry scans from −0.2 to 0.5 V and from 0 to 0.
Both anode and cathode were modified with GOx and BOD enzyme solutions in PBS pH 7.3, respectively, wetting the hydrophobic surface of the electrodes with 15 µL of IPA before biocatalysts application. Both electrodes were allowed to dry for 1 h at room temperature, and the process was repeated once again. Next, 2 layers of 15 μL of chitosan were drop-casted on each electrode to stabilize the biocatalyst layers on the surface. The modified electrodes were stored at 4 °C overnight.
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