Advice: Normal kidneys can release up to a quart of fluid every hour. Drinking more than that can be hazardous to your health.
in California, in which the prize went to whoever could drink the most before having to urinate. The contestant died after reportedly drinking nearly two gallons of water over two hours — clearly exceeding what her kidneys could handle, which would be about two quarts, or a half gallon, over two hours. Excessive water intake also has led to the deaths of students duringBut it’s important to remember that these are contrived situations that most people would never experience.
When you aren’t dehydrated and drink excess water, the brain also senses this through opposite changes in the blood concentration — mainly decreased sodium. Secretion of AVP is inhibited, which tells the kidneys to release more water. Then a large volume of dilute urine — very pale in color — is excreted to get rid of the excess water.
Fluid intake during exercise rarely exceeds one quart per hour. But exercise stimulates the release of AVP, so even “normal” amounts of water consumption can cause water retention and hyponatremia under these conditions. Nausea has a similar effect on AVP secretion. Special concern should be given to older individuals, who generally have a decreased sense of thirst. This usually doesn’t result in dehydration, but under conditions of increased fluid losses , they should be encouraged to drink more fluids even if they aren’t thirsty.
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