Blood culture vs. metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the detection of pathogenic microbes in patients with suspected bloodstream infections SciReports infection blood bloodinfection pathogen microbe
By Tarun Sai LomteJun 13 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. A recent study published in Scientific Reports compared the detection of pathogenic microbes between blood culture and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in patients suspected of bloodstream infections .
Blood samples were collected from two anatomical sites and cultured for up to seven days using standard microbiological procedures. For mNGS, DNA was isolated, and DNA libraries were prepared. Quality control-passed libraries were sequenced. Short, adapter, low-complexity, and low-quality reads were removed. The remaining reads were aligned to microbial genome databases.
The median SOFA score was six. In-hospital death occurred in 37 patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients positive on a blood culture assay and mNGS. Sixty-five patients were positive on mNGS compared to 12 on blood culture assays. mNGS detected a virus in 22 patients and fungi or bacteria in the remaining patients.
Increased age and CRP, rheumatic diseases, and alcohol abuse were the risk factors for detecting fungi or bacteria in mNGS. Current smoking status and gender were identified as the risk factors for positive blood cultures. In-hospital mortality rates were 38.4% and 35.2% in mNGS-positive and -negative cases and 38.4% and 37.2% in blood culture-positive and -negative cases, respectively.
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