Carrots vs. Sticks: The Science of Reward and Punishment for Children with ADHD

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Carrots vs. Sticks: The Science of Reward and Punishment for Children with ADHD
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Neurology shows that the ADHD brain is particularly sensitive to positive reinforcement and to punishment — insights that should influence parenting and teaching strategies.

; when expectations are very clear, they are better able to meet demands. It is critical for children with ADHD to fully understand rules and expectations, especially when they change. Frequent reminders from caregivers and teachers can help.In one study, children with and without ADHD were asked at the beginning of a task to choose between a smaller immediate reward and a larger delayed reward.

The children with ADHD tried to wait for the larger later reward, but in the end, they were more likely to choose the smaller immediate reward.This suggests that children with ADHD are more likely to seek immediate and available rewards, particularly when frustrated or distracted. This also suggests that children with ADHD may become more upset when they don’t receive anticipated rewards, and they may give up more easily when tasks are perceived as too difficult. Teachers and caregivers should pay particular attention when the child’s task persistence drops away and he begins to respond impulsively or become emotional.

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