DeepSeek's new AI model, R1, has surpassed expectations by achieving comparable performance to leading US models at a fraction of the cost. This breakthrough has raised questions about US dominance in AI and fueled speculation that China is closing the gap.
The release of DeepSeek’s new model has shaken assumptions about who has the upper hand in developing the technology
Alongside the geopolitical challenge, DeepSeek’s breakthrough has dual implications for the tech industry. Firstly, it is likely to accelerate the commercial development and uptake of AI, much as ChatGPT did in 2022. “To get to AGI first, we’ll need to continue to invest in talent, support our vibrant open-source ecosystem, and ensure we out-innovate, not just outspend, our competitors.”
As state-owned funds in China have taken on a larger role funding start-ups in the past few years, the entrepreneurial ecosystem has felt pressured to guarantee returns for fear of losing the country’s assets. DeepSeek’s origins as a quantitative hedge fund meant it had engineering talent with a deep understanding of chips. Its breakthrough turned on its apparent success at training advanced AI models without spending the hundreds of millions of dollars its US rivals have.
Without access to leading-edge silicon, the company was forced to find innovative ways to squeeze higher performance out of the less sophisticated chips it was able to buy. Yet others say that the fact that a Chinese tech start-up has been behind the latest head-turning advance represents a watershed moment, changing the dynamic in the AI race between the two countries.
DeepSeek’s models appear to undermine the argument that US AI companies have made vociferously over the past year: that AI advances require vast amounts of capital and infrastructure to develop and deploy their technology at scale. In a sign of the company’s confidence in its status, DeepSeek has published its research and released its models in “open-weights” form, a more limited version of open-source software that allows anyone to download, use and modify the technology.
The company’s “claim to fame has been creating open-weight models that aren’t too far behind the bleeding edge, and DeepSeek just beat them at their own game,” says Toner. If China has managed to get on to an equal footing with the US on AI, it has implications for everything that the technology could eventually be used for, warned Dario Amodei, chief executive of US AI start-up Anthropic.
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