A study in Parasites and Vectors finds that dengue and Zika viruses simultaneously establish infection in the Ae. aegypti vector, mutually enhancing replication. The intersecting NS5 protein in these coinfections can be a target for vector control.
]. This may occur following an infectious BM from a single human co-viremic for DENV and ZIKV, or when mosquitos acquire sequential BMs from two individuals, each infected with a different virus. DENV and ZIKV share a highly conserved non-structural protein repository consisting of five enzymes/subunits , which associate closely to form a tightly-regulated RC.
In the present study, we observed significant enhancements in virus production and vector susceptibility following DENV2-ZIKV co-infection in, and we demonstrated the cellular and molecular bases of these effects. In co-infected mosquito cells, we found that DENV2 expression was significantly enhanced, whereas ZIKV was coincidentally markedly suppressed and virus production was significantly increased for both.
Our findings describe for the first time the potent mutualistic outcomes of flaviviral co-infection for viral replication, and suggest that vector competence may be enhanced as a result. Vector competence in the arboviral sylvatic cycle is defined by the extent to which the mosquito permits a virus to utilize its circulatory system.
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