An estimated 385,000 people worldwide died prematurely in 2015 from air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emissions, a US study found, which singled out diesel engines as the main culprit.
Diesel vehicles were responsible for 47% of the deaths, it said, but the figure jumped as high as 66% in France, Germany, Italy and India where diesels make up a large proportion of cars on the road. The study was carried out by researchers from the International Council on Clean Transportation - the non-governmental group that blew the whistle on Volkswagen's "dieselgate" emissions cheating scandal in 2015 - and two US universities.
The cost of the health burden caused by transport pollution, which has been linked to lung and heart diseases, strokes and diabetes, added up to $1tn in 2015, they said. In China alone, some 114,000 people were killed by vehicle exhausts that year, but that still only accounted for just over 10% of all deaths linked to air pollution there. The United States saw 22,000 deaths from transport pollution, of which 43% were linked to diesels.
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