Chartism got its name from the People’s Charter, and aimed to give ordinary working-class citizens a voice in a reformed political system
Chartism was one of the world’s first major working-class movements. It got its name from the People’s Charter which demanded radical political reforms and one its leaders was the Irishman Feargus O’Connor.
An imposing figure who stood at about 6ft tall and a gifted orator, he was given the nickname of “the rattler”. He toured Britain advocating for a range of political reforms and improved working conditions for those in the industrial cities and towns of England, Wales and Scotland. The demands included universal male suffrage, voting to take place by secret ballot, parliamentary elections to be held every year , constituencies to be of equal size, MPs to be paid, and for the property qualification to become an MP to be abolished.
In Ireland the movement had its supporters and its detractors. A wool merchant named Patrick O’Higgins founded a Chartist association in Dublin in 1839 but the movement did not manage to win over large numbers of followers. A second petition in 1842 with more than 3 million signatures was rejected by 287 votes to 49, leading to unrest. Between 1839 and 1842, some 2,000 Chartists were arrested, tried and sent to prison.
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