From Gaza to NASA: Journey of an engineer who helped build Ingenuity Mars Helicopter

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From Gaza to NASA: Journey of an engineer who helped build Ingenuity Mars Helicopter
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'Everybody thought it was not gonna fly.'

was mounted over the Perseverance Mars rover’s belly for the trip to Mars. The tiny robotic coaxial helicopter and related delivery vehicles are all part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program.JPL, in collaboration with AeroVironment, Inc., NASA's Ames Research Center, Langley Research Center, Lockheed Martin Space, and SolAero, developed Ingenuity. The 19 inches tall solar-powered helicopter has rotors that span around four feet and spin at about 2,400 rpm.

I traveled to the U.S. and submitted applications to numerous universities after completing my high school education in Gaza. And after being accepted, I [did not spend long at] the first university I had planned to attend. I barely spent one semester at Pennsylvania before switching to the University of Kentucky because of the high tuition fees, which made it difficult for me to maintain my academic standing. I put in a lot of effort at Kentucky, making pizza and sandwiches to pay for school.

Some people may think that I only received a fellowship because I am from Gaza, but that is not the case. I had to work hard and take on underpaid jobs to gain experience and build my skills in power electronics and electric propulsion. I've continued to work on that even to this day, and if I had to summarize my career, I'd say, “electrify everything.

To create the Ingenuity helicopter, we had to design every component with efficiency in mind. This included the electronics, body, chassis, and prop, which all had to be lightweight and durable. We used carbon fiber and custom belts to ensure that the weight stayed under 40 grams. The design process involved finding ways to minimize errors while meeting all requirements. This meant that there was often little margin for error, with most designs allowing for a maximum of 10-20 percent deviation.

Presenting this idea to NASA chief engineers during design reviews was a challenge because it went against their usual practices. They would ask me questions like, "Why are you doing it this way? What is the reliability analysis? How many hours can this motor be tested? Why design something that can only be used for 120 seconds? We need to consider our wants versus our needs."

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