Horseshoe crabs: 'Living fossils' vital for vaccine safety

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Horseshoe crabs: 'Living fossils' vital for vaccine safety
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Horseshoecrabs: 'Living fossils' vital for vaccine safety

The group make their way up the shoreline laying a measuring frame on the sand, counting the individuals inside it to help generate a, and setting right those unfortunate enough to have been flipped onto their backs by the high tide.

"They're not threatening at all. They're just going about their day, trying to make more horseshoe crabs." Recruiting citizen scientists helps engage the public while also scaling up the government's data collection efforts, explains the survey project's environment scientist Taylor Beck."Crabs" are something of a misnomer for the animals, which are in fact more closely related to spiders and scorpions, and are made up of four subspecies: one that inhabits the Eastern and Gulf coasts of North America, and the other three in Southeast Asia.

Males are noticeably smaller than females, whom they swarm in groups of up to 15 when breeding. Males grasp females as they head to shore, where the females deposit golf ball-size clusters of 5,000 eggs for the males to spray their sperm on. Kristi Lieske, Wyatt Mosiman and Matthew Oswald conduct a survey of horseshoe crabs spawning on a beach at the Ted Harvey Wildlife Area near Dover, Delaware.

Estimates place the mortality rate of the process at 15 percent, with survivors released back to sea.

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