India’s Mars Orbiter Mission loses contact, burns all fuel, deemed ‘non-recoverable’
- the first time a nation had scored a successful Martian orbit insertion at its first attempt.
Mangalyaan was modestly equipped with five instruments – a color camera, the Lyman Alpha Photometer used to measure the composition of Mars’ upper atmosphere, a thermal imaging spectrometer, another named the “Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyzer”, and a methane sensor. Those instruments nonetheless produced plenty of data. ISRO listed the following achievements of the mission:Enhanced our understanding of the composition of several gases in the Martian exosphere;-rich regime to atomic Oxygen-rich regime during the local evening;
Discovering “suprathermal” Argon-40 atoms in the Martian exosphere, hinting at why the red planet lost most of its atmosphere;Helped to generated an atlas of Mars;Used its elliptical orbit to capture full-disk images of Mars like the one below.Mangalyaan reached the launchpad after expenditure of just $74 million, considerably less than the cost of comparable missions launched by other nations.
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