The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on cardiomyopathies are published online today in European Heart Journal.
Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLMAug 25 2023 This is the first international guideline document to include all cardiomyopathy subtypes, and the first time that specific recommendations are made for cardiomyopathies other than hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Cardiomyopathies are conditions that affect the muscle of the heart. They are a group of conditions that can affect the heart's structure, reduce its ability to pump blood around the body and cause abnormal heart rhythms. Cardiomyopathies can present at any age and affect patients and families across the life course. They are often caused by changes in the genes responsible for how the heart muscle cells function, meaning that they can run in families.
The Guidelines highlight the many areas of diagnosis and management that are shared across cardiomyopathy subtypes and gives specific recommendations for each. Diagnosis starts with a description of how the heart looks and behaves - is it thickened, dilated or scarred, and is the pumping function abnormal? - and then incorporates information on heart rhythm abnormalities, family history and genetic testing to arrive at a more precise diagnosis.
For all cardiomyopathies, management aims to identify and treat symptoms, prevent complications and screen at-risk relatives. Identifying those at increased risk of sudden death is a major focus of these Guidelines. Shared decision-making is advised when selecting certain treatments such as ICDs. Other treatments include drugs to address symptoms and heart transplantation.
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