The Huzur debates in the Ottoman Empire lasted for 165 years, and they contributed to an intellectually rich exchange before the eyes of the sultan in the month of Ramadan. Here’s how this tradition played out.
One of the key reasons behind the Ottoman Empire surviving for over 600 years was its strong focus on keeping Islam as an integral part of its rule. While the Turkish-led empire expanded rapidly after inheriting the Muslim Caliphate from the Abbassid dynasty in 1517, it maintained a strong emphasis on scholarly consensus on both social and religious issues.
The idea to encourage debates on sensitive religious matters goes back to when the Ottoman state was in its infancy. The sultans held meetings with scholars and religious heads to revive scientific and religious life and to ensure the state and the Ottoman dynasty adhered to Islamic values. These lessons acquired the name "Huzur-i Humayun Lectures" because they were held before the sultan, who would listen to what was being said.
The entire event was administered by the Sheyhulislamlik , who had the highest authority to issue fatwas. The surahs and verses to be interpreted at the annual event were announced by the Sheyhulislamlik fifteen days before Ramadan. They would then prepare their queries. The names of men and women who would stay to listen to lectures in the sultan's presence were approved by the sultan.
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