Scientists have converted eight type-A lungs into type-O lungs. One day, these “universal donor” organs could transform organ transplantation. 🤔 engineering
There are 106,435 people in the United States waiting for an organ transplant.Someone in need of a heart or lung spends an average of four months on the recipient list before a suitable organ becomes available. The wait for a kidney typically lasts five years.
"Ideally, we would like to say, well, the sickest patient should be the one getting the next organ, but it's often not the case," he says. The body uses roughly 20 different blood typing systems, but the most important for organ transplants is this ABO system.that our bodies probably didn't develop blood types to defend against other humans' blood. It seems far more likely they protect"against [pathogens] that happened to carry those same sugars on their surface," he says.
People with type O blood are highly desirable organ donors because their antigens are not adorned with the type-A triangles or type-B squares that would provoke the other's immune systems. That's why they're called the"universal donor" type. "The hope is, and you very much have to keep your fingers crossed at this stage, that the E. coli will read that DNA as if it was its own" and produce the protein it codes for, he says.
Organs are very delicate when they're outside the body. Ordinarily, doctors"shut down the metabolism of the organ" by putting it into a special liquid and cooling it to a few degrees above freezing, Cypel says." technique"brings the organ back to life," he says. They keep it at body temperature — and"moving and breathing" — by pumping liquid through the vessels, the way a heart would pump blood.
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