Seven-month-old babies already have a sense of symmetry upvehu PLOSONE
]. The present study examines whether infants also detect structural mirror symmetry in the absence of perfect surface symmetry. If infants differentiate between structurally symmetric and asymmetric sequences, this would indicate that they are processing the underlying conceptual symmetry of the symmetric patterns. Alternatively, they might be applying a global level of parsing that disregards these small-scale deviations from perfect visual symmetry.
In order to create asymmetric variants of these mosaics, we switched the order of a pair of adjacent tiles within the sequences, ensuring that all possible orders occurred with the same frequency. The 8 ABA sequences were reordered into 4 BAA and 4 AAB asymmetric sequences . The 8 ABABA sequences resulted in 2 BAABA, 2 AABBA, 2 ABBAA and 2 ABAAB sequences.
Test consisted of 16 trials: 8 contained structurally symmetrical sequences and the remaining 8 contained structurally asymmetrical sequences. Although this number of trials is rather high for studies with such young infant populations, we reasoned that manipulating the mosaics’ length and level of structural symmetry could result in differing trajectories of symmetry detection.
Infants in Group 1 saw 3-tiled sequences with token-level structural symmetry. Infants in Group 2 saw 5-tiled sequences with token-level structural symmetry. Group 3 was presented with 3-tiled sequences with category-level structural symmetry. Finally, Group 4 saw 5-tiled sequences with category-level structural symmetries .
The study started with a pre-test trial—a looming ball that changed colour accompanied by a woman’s voice saying “”—in order to attract the infant’s attention. Furthermore, each trial began with another attention-getter, i.e. a video showing flashing balls accompanied by a bell sound . Once the infant looked at the screen, this video disappeared and was replaced by one of the mosaics, which was presented in silence. Infants saw complete stimuli—i.e.
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