In our recent study, we uncovered how artificial light is disrupting these nightly migrations.
. These effects have been observed under direct artificial light from coastal homes, promenades, boats and harbors, which might suggest the effects of light pollution on nocturnal ocean life are quite limited.Except, when light from street lamps is emitted upwards, it's scattered in the atmosphere and reflected back to the ground. Anyone out in the countryside at night will notice this effect as a glow in the sky above a distant city or town.
Humans aren't well adapted to seeing at night, which might make the effects of skyglow seem negligible. But many marine and coastal organisms are highly sensitive to low light. Skyglow could be changing the way they perceive the night sky, and ultimately affecting their lives.We tested this idea using the tiny sand hopper , a coastal crustacean which is known to use the moon to guide its nightly foraging trips.
They bury in the sand during the day and emerge to feed on rotting seaweed at night. They play an important role in their ecosystem by breaking down and recycling nutrients from stranded algae. If you turn over washed up seaweed on an evening beach walk, you should have no trouble finding them., we recreated the effects of artificial skyglow using a white LED light in a diffusing sphere that threw an even and dim layer of light over a beach across 19 nights between June and September 2019.
Artificial skyglow changes the way sand hoppers use the moon to navigate. But since using the moon and stars as a compass is a common trait among a diverse range of sea and land animals, including seals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects, many more organisms are likely to be vulnerable to skyglow. And there's evidence that the
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