Three new papers describe Notiomastodon, an elephant relative that's long been in the shadow of its more famous cousin, the woolly mammoth.
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“Proboscideans had huge teeth; the dental calculus is also huge!” She indicated that some fossil specimens she studied produced about a small plastic bag’s worth of dental calculus, estimating it at about 50 grams.“If there is dental calculus, it’s because there were bacteria there. There is no possibility of occurrence of dental calculus without bacteria.”
Fragmentary tusks donated by local people enabled them to date and uncover six years of the lives of these two animals. One fossil was approximately 17,381 years old; the other, a surprising estimated 9,229 years. That date makes it the youngest record of an ancient proboscidean in Brazil, placing its existence within the current Holocene epoch.
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