Engineering an inhibitor-resistant human CSF1R variant for microglia replacement

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Engineering an inhibitor-resistant human CSF1R variant for microglia replacement
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Study shows how our brains can turn into smarter disease fighters JExpMed

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can replace endogenous microglia with circulation-derived macrophages but has high mortality. To mitigate the risks of HSCT and expand the potential for microglia replacement, we engineered an inhibitor-resistant CSF1R that enables robust microglia replacement. A glycine to alanine substitution at position 795 of human CSF1R confers resistance to multiple CSF1R inhibitors, including PLX3397 and PLX5622.

G795A- but not wildtype-CSF1R expressing macrophages efficiently engraft the brain of PLX3397-treated mice and persist after cessation of inhibitor treatment. To gauge translational potential, we CRISPR engineered human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived microglia to express G795A.

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