The study reveals a strong association between gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance, pointing to gut microbes as a key player in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Targeting these microbial activities could offer a new therapeutic pathway for improving insulin resistance and overall metabolic health.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaSep 4 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the journal Nature, researchers utilize a comprehensive multi-omics strategy in humans to assess the association between gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance . Furthermore, this study discovered links between fecal metabolites and metabolic syndrome , an IR-related illness.
More specifically, commensal carbohydrate metabolism appears to contribute to the host's overall energy extraction and, as a result, is involved in the etiology of prediabetes and obesity. Nevertheless, the fundamental process remains unknown. Exclusion criteria included confirmed diabetes diagnosis, habitual use of diabetes or intestinal disease drugs, use of antibiotics within two weeks of sample collection, and loss of three kilograms of body weight in the three months preceding sample collection.
Fecal 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing, metagenome, metabolome, and their combined datasets were used to identify estimator variables for modeling using the maximum-relevance minimum-redundancy algorithm. Gut bacteria related to IR and insulin sensitivity exhibited a different pattern of carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, insulin-sensitivity-associated bacteria improved host phenotypes of IR in a murine model.
Among hydrophilic metabolites, most CAGs with significant correlations with IR were carbohydrate metabolites, mostly monosaccharides. IR was also associated with increased short-chain fatty acid levels.
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