Gut hormone receptor polyagonists show promise for obesity and diabetes Diabetes T2DM Liraglutide exenatide Hormone Obesity Receptor jclinicalinvest NUFeinbergMed
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDFeb 6 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. The obesity epidemic challenges public health in the developed world, reducing the quality of life and threatening health even as it demands heavy investments in preventive and therapeutic medical care.
A number of weight loss pills and other obesity-fighting medications have been resorted to, but they have many potentially serious side effects. Bariatric surgery is more effective, with the loss of a good deal of weight maintained over the years and the restoration of insulin sensitivity. However, it is expensive and risky, making it non-ideal for many people.
Semaglutide is a GLP1 receptor agonist that has been approved for use in obesity, bringing about both a 15% weight loss in clinical trials and attenuating hyperglycemia in T2DM patients. It was approved for use in T2DM in 2017 and in obesity in 2021. But how does it achieve this remarkable effect? Molecular-level research shows that GIP acts on pancreatic beta-cell GIPR to boost the post-prandial increases in insulin levels. Meanwhile, GIPR on pancreatic alpha-cells also causes increased insulin release by triggering glucagon secretion. And finally, GLP1R itself increases insulin release.
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